What Is an HSG Test?
HSG stands for hysterosalpingography. A special dye is gently passed through the cervix into the uterus, and X-ray images are taken as the dye flows. The images show:
- The shape of the uterine cavity
- Whether the fallopian tubes are open (patent) or blocked
- Whether the dye spills freely out of the tube ends into the pelvis
Who Needs an HSG?
- Couples trying for 12 months (6 months if the woman is 35 or older)
- Women with a history of pelvic infection, TB, ectopic pregnancy or abdominal surgery
- Before starting IUI, to confirm at least one tube is open
- After tubal surgery, to check the result
- Women with recurrent miscarriage: to check the uterine shape
When Should the HSG Test Be Done?
The test is usually done between day 6 and day 10 of your cycle: after your period has stopped and before ovulation. This timing ensures you are not pregnant and the lining is thin enough for clear images. Avoid unprotected intercourse from your period until the test.
The HSG Procedure, Step by Step
- You lie on an X-ray table, as for a routine gynaecological examination.
- A speculum is placed and the cervix is cleaned.
- A thin, soft tube is passed into the cervix.
- Dye is slowly injected while X-ray images are taken.
- The tube is removed. The whole test takes about 10 to 15 minutes.
Is the HSG Test Painful?
Most women feel cramping, similar to period pain, for a few minutes as the dye fills the uterus. Cramps can be stronger if a tube is blocked. To reduce discomfort:
- Take a painkiller about an hour before, as advised by your doctor
- Breathe slowly and stay relaxed
- Ask whether a short-acting pain relief option is available
After the test, mild cramps and light spotting or sticky discharge for a day or two are normal.
Understanding Your HSG Results
| Result | What it means | Possible next step |
|---|---|---|
| Both tubes open, free spill | Normal tubes | Continue evaluation; natural conception or IUI may be options |
| One tube blocked | Pregnancy still possible through the open tube | IUI or timed intercourse; sometimes laparoscopy |
| Both tubes blocked | Eggs and sperm cannot meet naturally | Laparoscopy to confirm, or IVF |
| Hydrosalpinx (swollen, fluid-filled tube) | Fluid can reduce IVF success | Treating the tube before IVF |
| Abnormal uterine shape | Septum, polyps, fibroids or adhesions | Hysteroscopy |
Sometimes a tube looks blocked because of a muscle spasm during the test. Your doctor may repeat the test or confirm with laparoscopy.
Does HSG Improve the Chances of Pregnancy?
Some studies suggest a small increase in pregnancy rates in the months after an HSG, especially with oil-based dye, possibly because the dye flushes the tubes. It is a diagnostic test, though, not a treatment.
HSG vs SSG vs Laparoscopy
- HSG: X-ray based, shows tube patency and uterine shape.
- SSG / HyCoSy (sonosalpingography): ultrasound based, no radiation.
- Laparoscopy: keyhole surgery, the most accurate, and can treat problems at the same time.
Who Should Not Have an HSG?
Avoid it if you could be pregnant, have an active pelvic infection, have heavy bleeding, or have a severe allergy to contrast dye. Tell your doctor about any allergies beforehand.
HSG Test Cost in Ahmedabad
The cost depends on the centre and the type of dye used. At Ayuh Fertility Centre, our team gives you a clear price before you book, with no hidden charges.
Tubal Evaluation at Ayuh Fertility Centre
At Ayuh Fertility Centre in Ranip, Ahmedabad, Dr. Krupa Shah reviews your HSG images personally and explains them to you. If a problem is found, in-house laparoscopy and hysteroscopy allow treatment without moving between hospitals.
Need an HSG test or a review of your report? Call or WhatsApp +91 94260 28483.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I go to work after an HSG test?
Yes, most women return to normal activities the same day.
How long does HSG pain last?
Cramps usually settle within minutes to a few hours.
Can I get pregnant in the same month as an HSG?
Yes, you can try after the test unless your doctor advises otherwise.
Is the radiation from HSG harmful?
The X-ray dose is low and the test is done before ovulation, when there is no pregnancy.
Do I need antibiotics after an HSG?
Your doctor may prescribe them, especially if you have a history of infection.